Rotary compressor



s, MALKE Dm.- 3, 194s;

2,411,529 I. i K RQTARY COMPRESSOR l2 Sheets-Sheet Filed June 24, 1944Sven Malke IN VEN TOR. v

ATTORNEY Dec. 3, 1946. s. MALKE 2,411,929

' ROTARY COMPRESSOR Y y Filed June 24, 1944 2 Sheets-Sheet-Z Sven MalkeIN VEN TOR.

' @affq AT TORNEY.

Patented Dec. 3,1946

ROTARY COMPRESSOR Sven Maike, Milwaukee, Wis., asllg'nor to A. 0.

Smith Corporation, Milwaukee, Wis., a corporation of New YorkApplication June 24, 1944, Serial No. 541,915

14 (Cl. 23d-177) The invention relates to a rotary compressor and moreparticularly to a compressor that may be employed with refrigerationunits and the like.

One object. of the present invention is t pro-4 vide a rotary compressorin which lubrication is simplified and friction and vibration is sub-lpressor of improved volumetric efficiency perunit delivery oi' tluid forpiston displacement.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in thefollowing description of an embodiment of the invention illustrated inthe accompanying drawings.

In the drawings:

Figure l is a longitudinal sectional view of the rotary compressor oftheinvention designed for refrigeration units;

Figure 2 is a section taken on line 2-2 of Figure 1 looking lnthedirection of the arrows;

Figure 3 is a section taken on line 2--3 of Figure 1 looking from theleft and showing in particular the left hand collector end ring with apart of the ring broken away;

, Figure 4 is la section taken on line 4-4 of Figure 1 showing a topvplan view of one of the cylinders and Figure 5 is a section similar toFigure 1 showing a modiiled construction utilizing theprinf ciples ofthe invention.

The rotary compressor of the invention comprises in general an outercasing having a cupped shaped cylindrical member I sealed and closedy atits open end by a relatively natmember ,2 secured thereto in any.suitable way, as by bolting the members together.

A shaft 3 is journaled .in the opposite ends of the casing, axiallythereof. and extends through the head 2 for connection to a motor shaftor the like.

The cylinders 4 and i are secured together at right angles to each otherby'bolts l, the shaft I passing transversely therethrough offset fromthe center of each cylinder. The cylinders are mounted for rotation onend bearings I extending inwardly from the ends of the casing, the axisof rotation of the cylinders -being offset from the axis of the shaft I.The cylinders 4 and 5 are closed at their outer ends by removable caps land. each cylinder has its outer wall iianged to provide a fiatcircularplate 9 integraltherewith and lying in a piane at right anglesto the axis of-rotation of the cylinder.

The pistons I0 are reciprocably disposed withl in each of the cylinders4 and B and the central bore of each piston houses a cylindricaleccentric II which is formed intesral with the shaft is preferablydisposed on the shaft at to the other eccentric. The rotation of theeccentrica by shaft 3 reciprocates the pistons I0 within theirrespective cylinders 4 and l.

The arrangement whereby the axes of eccenl tries II are offset from theaxis oi shaft l and -the axis of rotation oi cylinders 4 and l is alsoodset from that ofthe shaft, effects rotation of cylinders 4 and I .bythe eccentrica at one-half the speed of the shaft 3, and also therecipro-v cation of pistons I0 in their respective cylinders.

The cylinders 4 and l are provided'with inlet ports I2 at their innerends for the intake of fluid, and thediagonal ports I2 `at their outerends for the discharge of iluid. The inlet ports I2 constitute recessesin the walls of the cylinders by-passing the pistons I0 when the latterare at the extreme inward positions of their respective strokes.

The ports vI2 communicate lwith the central fluid intake chamber aroundthe shaft 3 and extend in registered relation on a circumferential linewhereby they are closed by the piston I0 after the commencement of thereversal of v the piston stroke and open to receive duid when the pistonof the respective cylinder is in the extreme retracted position.

The ports I3 are disposed only in the outer wall of each cylinder 4 andI and extend diagonally through the cylinder wall to the outermost areaof the piston displacement space or cylinder chamber I4.

The closure member 2 of the compressor casing which is shown at theright side of Figure 1 is formed with a ring shaped collector shoe IBadapted to engage the lplate l formed integral with the wal1 of theadjacent cylinder 4.

The collector shoe of member 2 is provided with a passage I8 the innerend of which alter- 'nately registerswith one of the diagonal ports Ilextending through the sidewall of cylinder 4 and the outer portion ofwhich is fabricated for receiving any suitable connection to carryoffthe compressed fluid.

At the left side of Figure 1, the collector shoe II there shown, whichis similar to shoe II, is mounted and held against rotation on casingmember I by a plurality of studs Il but is permitted limited axialmovement. A plurality of springs I9 are seated within suitable aperturesin collector shoe Il and bear against the casing wall. This gives afloating support to the entire compressor assembly in service andeliminates tolerance problems, since the springs I9 serve to bias thecollector shoe Il against plate 9 formed integral with cylinder 5 and tobias all of the moving parts to the right to also maintain a tight sealbetween cylinder 4 and collector shoe I5.

shown at the end of the stroke.

turing tolerances in the construction of the compressor.

A passage 20 is provided through the outer portion of the collector shoeI1 and through the casing member I to carry off discharge fluid fromdiagonal ports I3 in the wall of cylinder 5 when each port registerswith passage 20 in the course of rotation of the cylinder. The passage20 is connected by a short bellows coupling 2I to the outlet 22 for thepump.

The shaft 3 may have a longitudinal port 23 and suitable transverseports 24 communicating therewith for the purpose of distributinglubricants to the desired bearing surfaces.

'I'he actual operation of the compressor of the invention may beconfined to describing they operation of cylinder 4 and its associatedparts since the description with respect to cylinder 5 would be similar.

Referring now to Figure l, the piston III is At this time the fluidenters through inlet ports I2 into chamber I4 of cylinder.4. Upon entryof fluid into chamber I4 piston I0 begins to advance on its reversestroke by action of eccentric I I rotated by shaft 3.

The collector ring I5 closes the outlet port I3 during the time when thepiston I is in its compression stroke and is being advanced in chamberI4 toward the head of the cylinder by eccentric II to compress the fluidcontained within thev chamber and until the piston I0 is substantiallyin the extreme outward stroke position.

In the final stages of compression of the fluid the rotation of cylinder4 registers port I3 with passage I3 in collector ring I5 and thecompressed fluid is discharged through the registering port and passageby the'flnal stroke movement of the piston in chamber I4.

same in the manner described is then commenced again to provide for acontinuous pumping of compressed fluid. l

While at one end of cylinder 4 the piston I0 is compressing anddischarging uid through port I3, at'the' other end the piston III isbeingfree tracted and effects the entrance of iiuid through ports .I2 atthat end.

Since cylinder is preferably disposed at a 90 angle to cylinder 4 thereare four discharges 'of compressed fluid for each complete revolution ofthe cylinders, and for every two revolutions of the shaft.

In the embodiment of Figs. 1 to 4, the outer casing need not be sealedand can be eliminated. The inlet of :duid is provided through conduit 25and passage 26 in the end bearing 'I to ports-I2 radially spaced aroundeach cylinder.

In the modified construction illustrated in Fig. 5, there is no outercasing and air enters the cylinders directly through the ports I2' inthe cylinder walls from the outside. In this construction the ports I 3may also-be used for inlet of uid to the cylinders by uncovering thesame during the intake stroke of the pistons. This is readilyaccomplished by slotting the collector ring I5' in the sectorrepresenting the intake cycle of the respective cylinders. In Fig. 5collector ring I5' is sectioned at the top where the discharge cycle isshown but atlthe bottom-of the figure where the inlet is shown the' ringI5" is not sectioned but is in full, representing a slot therein throughwhich air may pass to port I3.

The invention provides a rotary compressor in which lubrication is heldat a minimum since The cycle of inflow of fluid into chamber I4 andcompression of the friction is substantially eliminated by theparfticular t`ype of construction employed.

The sealing surface for the fluid passages the end of the unit wherethere is no chance for binding. The floating support of the assembledparts of the unit compensates for tolerances and clearances andmaintains the required seals.

Various embodiments of the invention may be employed within the scope4of the accompanying claims.

I claim:

1. A rotary compressor comprising a cylinder rotatably disposed on afixed bearing to rotate on a vtransverse axis, reciprocating means forcompressing fluid in said cylinder, a transverse shaft supporting saidmeans and extending through said bearing to rotate said means on an axisoffset from the transverse axis of the cylinder to effect rotation ofthe latter and reciprocation'of said means therein, passages through aside wall of said cylinder to supply fluid thereto during a portion ofthe rotation cycle of the cylinder and to discharge compressed fluidfrom the cylinder during another portion of the rotation cycle of thecylinder, and valve means operable in response to the rotation of saidcylinder to open and close said passages in synchronism with thereciprocation of said first named means.

2. A compressor comprising a cylinderrotatably disposed on a fixedbearing to rotate on a transverse axis, a reciprocating piston forcompressing fluid in said cylinder, a transverse shaft supporting saidpiston and extending through said bearing to rotate the piston on anaxis offset from the transverse axis of yrotation of the cylinder toeffect rotation of the latter and Vreciprocation of the piston therein,a passage through the side wall of said cylinder to supply fluid theretoand discharge compressed fluid therefrom, and a collector 'platedisposed against the side wall of said cylinder to close the saidpassage during the compression cycle and to open said passage for supplyand discharge of fluid therethrough.

3. A compressor comprising a cylinder rotatably disposed on atransverse-axis, reciprocating means for compressing fluid in saidcylinder, a passage through the side wall of said cylinder to dischargecompressed fluid therefrom, a collector plate disposed in saidcompressor to close said passage during the compression cycle, andfloating support means to support said collector plate and bias the sameagainst said cylinder wall to substantially eliminate clearance problemsin the assembled parts.

4. A compressor comprising a cylinder rotatably disposed on a transverseaxis, reciprocating means for compressing iluid in said cylinder, a

- passage through the side wall of said cylinder to dischargeIcompressed fluid therefrom, a col,

lector plate disposed in said compressor to close said passage duringthe Acompression cycle, a passage in said collector plate registeringwith the passage in said cylinder during the discharge cycle to providemeans to carry olf the discharged compressed fluid, and floating supportmeans to support said collector plate and bias the same against saidcylinder wall to substantially eliminate clearance problems in theassembled parts.

5. A rotary compressor comprisinga casing having a cupped shapedmemberclosed at the open end by a substantially flat closuremember, a shaft journaled for rotation in said casing, eccentricsdisposed-on said shaft at substantially to each other. a pair ofcylinders mounted I in said casing eccentric to said shaft and securedtogether at substantially right angles to each other, pistons providedin each of said cylinders and disposed on the shaft for reciprocation bysaid eccentrics, passages disposed in the wall of each of said cylindersfor inlet and outlet of fluid, and a collector plate disposed at eachend of the casing to close the discharge passage in each said cylinderduring the compression cycle thereof and to open the same for dischargethereafter.

6. A rotary compressor comprising a casing having a cupped shaped memberclosed at the open end by a substantially ilat closure member, a shaftjournaled for rotation in said casing, eccentrics disposed on said shaftat substantially 180 to yeach other, a pair of cylindersmounted in saidcasing eccentricto said shaft and secured together at substantiallyright angles to each v other, pistons provided in each of said cylindersand disposed on the shaft for reciprocation by said eccentrics, passagesdisposed in the wall of each of said cylinders for inlet and outlet offluid, and a collector plate disposed at each end l of. opposedcollector plates spring biased toward each other and between which saidcylinders rotate with a side wall of each cylinder engaging the face ofa collector plate, and inlet and discharge ports in the cylinder wallsadapted to be closed by said collector plates duringv the compressioncycle of the respective cylinders and to register with passages in thecollector plates to providel for the control of fluid discharge from theends of the cylinders.

8. In a compressor of the class described having a pair of angularlydisposed cylinders secured together and mounted for rotationeccendischarge from the ends` of the cylinders as the latter rotate.

10. In acompressor of the class described, a cylinder, a collector plateagainst which one side wall of the cylinder rotates, said cylinder sidewall having an outer port disposed to be closed j by the collector plateduring the compression portion of the compressor cycle, said collectorplate having a port for transmitting compressed fluid discharged throughsaid cylinder port during the discharge portion of the compressor cycle,and said collector plate uncovering said cylinder port to provide forinlet of fluid to the cylinder during the intake portion of thecompressor cycle.

11. In a compressor of the class described, a cylinder, a collectorplate against which one side wail of the cylinder rotates, said cylinderside wall having an outer port disposed to be closed by the collectorplate during the compression portion of theV compressor cycle, saidcollector plate having a port for transmitting compressed fluiddischarged through-said cylinder port during the discharge portion ofthe compressor cycle, said collector plate uncovering said cylinder portto provide for inlet of fluid to the cylinder during the intake portionof the compressor cycle, and

an auxiliary intake port for said cylinder adapted to be opened' and cutoff by a reciprocating piston in the cylinder. v

12. In a compressor of the class described. a cylinder, bearings forrotatably supporting said cylinder on a transverse axis, a rotary shaftextric to a shaft passing transversely therethrough,

a pair of opposed collector plates facing toward each other and betweenwhich said cylinders rotatewith a side wall of each cylinder engagingthe face of a collector plate, and inlet and discharge ports in thecylinder walls adapted to be closed by said collector plates during thecompression cycle of the respective cylinders and to provide for thecontrol of fluid discharge from the ends of the cylinders.

9. In a compressor of the class described having a pair of angularlydisposed cylinders secured together and mounted for rotation eccentricto a shaft passing transversely therethrough, a pair of opposedcollector plates facingtoward each other and between which said.cylinders rotate with a side wall of each cylinder engaging the face ofa collector plate, inlet ports in said cylinder walls adapted to becontrolled by pistons in the cylinders, and discharge ports in saidcylinder walls adapted to be closed by said collector plates and toregister with passages in the collector plates to provide for thecontrol'of fluid register with passages in the collector plates totending through and eccentrically of said bearings, a piston in saidcylinder, an eccentric on said shaft for operating said piston ad forrotating said cylinder on its bearings, an inlet port in the side of thecylinder adapted to be covered and uncovered by the piston in saidcylinder, and an outlet port in said cylinder disposed to be opened atpredetermined cycles in response to rotation of said cylinder fordischarge of compressed iluid.

13. In a compressor of the class described, a

cylinder, bearings for rotatably supporting said cylinder on atransverse axis, a piston in said cylinder operative to compress fluidtherein, a rotary shaft extending eccentrically through one of saidbearings and supporting said piston to operate the same, an. inlet portin the side of saidv cylinder adapted to be covered and uncovered by thepiston during operation thereof, a pas' sage through one of lsaidhearings for conducting fiuid to said inlet port, and an outlet port insaid cylinder disposed to be opened at predetermined cycles in responseto rotation of said cylinder for discharge of compressed fluid.

14. In a compressor of the lclass described, a cylinder, bearings forrotatably supporting said cylinder on a transverse axis, a rotary shaftextending through and eccentrically of said bearings, agpiston in saidcylinder, an eccentric on said shaft for operating said piston and forrotating said cylinder on its bearings,.an inlet port in the side of thecylinder adaptedto be covered and uncovered by the pisto'n in saidcylinder. a

`*passage through one of said bearings for conducting fiuid to saidinlet port, and an outlet SVENMALKE.

